Research Proposal on Telecommunication Essay Example

Research Proposal on Telecommunication Essay Telecommunication is the type of communication, the way of information transfer with the help of electromagnetic signals, for example, cables or radio. Telecommunication has a long history which goes back to the dawn of the human civilization, because the information transfer has always been essential for the human life and existence of the human society. At first there were visual methods of information transfer: smoke, fire, flags, lighthouses, etc, which informed people about the threat with the help of these techniques. Then, there were also audio methods: drums, sound horns and whistles which informed people about everything. The watchtowers are considered to be the first ways of communication without the use of electricity. Nowadays, the process of information transfer is conducted with the help of numerous electric appliances, like telegraphs, telephones, teletypes, radio, satellite communication and the Internet. The principle of work of telecommunication is based on the transformation of the signals of the message into the primary electric signals. Then, the primary electric signals transform into the secondary electric signals with the help of transmitters. After that the secondary signals come to a receiver, where they transform into the audio, video or text information which depends on the type: the receiver and the type of the message. Telecommunication plays a great role in the life of the human society, because information is the most valuable thing nowadays, so information is exchanged and broadcasted all the time with the help of telecommunication, which develops gradually to improve the quality of its service and increase the quantity of the broadcasted data. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Telecommunication specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Telecommunication specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Proposal on Telecommunication specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Telecommunication is the well-developed business and branch of human activity, so a student can try to research the topic deeper and reveal it from all sides. But before that he will need to persuade the professor in the quality and success of the topic with the help of a good telecommunication research proposal. A successful research proposal should demonstrate the purpose of the research, illustrate the expected results of the investigation, present the methodology and literature review chapters in order to prove that much work has already been done for the research of the suggested topic. In the end one should try to conclude the paper well and evaluate the importance of the problem objectively. The Internet offers wide opportunities to students, because the process of research proposal writing is really complicated and troublesome. One can surf the web and find a free example research proposal on telecommunication industry written by an expert online and catch the major principles of writing. Due to a good free sample research proposal on telecommunication one can improve his knowledge and increase his chances in the formatting logical composition of the paper. NOTE!!! All free sample research proposals and examples on Telecommunication are 100% plagiarized, we are here to help you! EssayLib.com is a leading research proposal writing service, which can offer you the solution you have been looking for. With thousands of written research papers and proposals for Master’s and PhD degrees, we can give you exactly what you need at very affordable prices. Our experienced writers will prove you that high quality and exclusivity is a trademark of our products. We can guarantee your confidentiality and promise you strict on time delivery. There are many reasons for EssayLib.com to become your favorite research proposal writing service, but all we are asking you – just give us a try!

Free Essays on Founders Of Sociology

I. MARX WEBER Weber, Max (economist) (1864-1920) German economist and social historian, known for his systematic approach to world history and the development of Western civilization. Weber was born April 21, 1864, in Erfurt, and educated at the universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and Gà ¶ttingen. A jurist in Berlin (1893), he subsequently held professorships in economics at the universities of Freiburg (1894), Heidelberg (1897), and Munich (1919). He was editor of the Archiv fà ¼r Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik, the German sociological journal, for some years. Challenged by the Marxist theory of economic determinism, Weber combined his interest in economics with sociology in an attempt to establish, through historical study, that historical causation was not influenced merely by economic considerations. In one of his best-known works, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-1905; trans. 1930), he tried to prove that ethical and religious ideas were strong influences on the development of capitalism. He expanded on this theme in The Religions of the East series (3 volumes, 1920-1921; trans. 1952-1958), in which he postulated that the prevailing religious and philosophical ideas in the Eastern world prevented the development of capitalism in ancient societies, despite the presence of favorable economic factors. II. EMILE DURKHEIM Durkheim, Émile (1858-1917), French social theorist, who was one of the pioneers in the development of modern sociology. Durkheim was born in Épinal, France, a descendant of a distinguished line of rabbinical scholars. He graduated from the École Normale Supà ©rieure in Paris in 1882 and then taught law and philosophy. In 1887 he began teaching sociology, first at the University of Bordeaux and later at the University of Paris. Durkheim believed that scientific methods should be applied to the study of society. He proposed that groups had characteristics that were ... Free Essays on Founders Of Sociology Free Essays on Founders Of Sociology I. MARX WEBER Weber, Max (economist) (1864-1920) German economist and social historian, known for his systematic approach to world history and the development of Western civilization. Weber was born April 21, 1864, in Erfurt, and educated at the universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and Gà ¶ttingen. A jurist in Berlin (1893), he subsequently held professorships in economics at the universities of Freiburg (1894), Heidelberg (1897), and Munich (1919). He was editor of the Archiv fà ¼r Sozialwissenschaft und Sozialpolitik, the German sociological journal, for some years. Challenged by the Marxist theory of economic determinism, Weber combined his interest in economics with sociology in an attempt to establish, through historical study, that historical causation was not influenced merely by economic considerations. In one of his best-known works, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-1905; trans. 1930), he tried to prove that ethical and religious ideas were strong influences on the development of capitalism. He expanded on this theme in The Religions of the East series (3 volumes, 1920-1921; trans. 1952-1958), in which he postulated that the prevailing religious and philosophical ideas in the Eastern world prevented the development of capitalism in ancient societies, despite the presence of favorable economic factors. II. EMILE DURKHEIM Durkheim, Émile (1858-1917), French social theorist, who was one of the pioneers in the development of modern sociology. Durkheim was born in Épinal, France, a descendant of a distinguished line of rabbinical scholars. He graduated from the École Normale Supà ©rieure in Paris in 1882 and then taught law and philosophy. In 1887 he began teaching sociology, first at the University of Bordeaux and later at the University of Paris. Durkheim believed that scientific methods should be applied to the study of society. He proposed that groups had characteristics that were ...

PDA-Professional Development Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PDA-Professional Development Plan - Assignment Example In my work experience, I have noted that I am poor in engaging employees mainly because I prefer doing things for myself and therefore, I fail to adequately delegate work to employees. According to Chalofsky (1998), poor engagement of employees will demoralize them, as they will feel they do not play a critical role in the organization and many of them will easily opt out of the organization if they get another opportunity elsewhere. In order to be an effective human resource manager, I will need to work on this weakness by fast mastering to trust others and then ensure that I take up a supervisory role after delegating work. The resources that I will use include guidebooks and video tutorials on achieving employee engagement and proper delegation of work. I can easily achieve this goal within a period of three months and practice at home by ensuring I delegate house chores and keep everyone engaged in managing the household. Zull (2002) would argue that I am individualistic since I am not able to transfer my skills and knowledge to others. However, for me to be a good leader I must ensure that I can training others and empower them with skills and knowledge for them to become better employees. With continued globalization, every major organization is shaping up to be a multicultural organization and therefore, future leaders must have the ability to manage a workforce that is made up of employees from diverse cultures. In order to acquire knowledge in managing employees from different cultures I will first need to understand different cultures and I can easily do this by reading books concerning other cultures. Additionally, I will have to interact with many people from different cultures in order to understand perfectly how to manage a diverse workforce. Therefore, I can only be able to achieve this goal after the

Landslide Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Landslide - Assignment Example Road systems following the contouring system created by layered rocks were disrupted as displaced rock continued to consume the width of the roads. The aftermath of the landslide is budgeting to fix the damage which will hinder development of Ohio as a state. While damage to property or injury to humans was not registered, disruption of the road system continues to mount economic setbacks (Ohio State Wide Imagery Program 1). The affected area is made up of colluvium above the geologic formations like the Ordovician age Kope formation. With retreating glaciers from previous glacial ages, clayey is deposited around lakes formed as a result. The instability of the underlying rock is caused by the weakening bonds between the retreating solid ice and the spaces existing between the particular structures of the underlying rock. The forces associated with the contextual landslide involve gravitational pull of dense earth as opposed to the underlying weak bedrock (Ohio State Wide Imagery Program, 1). The dense and heavier surface slides over the weak bed rock or exerts pressure on it resulting into a horizontal

JUvenile Death Penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

JUvenile Death Penalty - Essay Example The concern remains unresolved. Provided with information regarding the transfer of juvenile offenders to adult criminal court, it is safe to assume that these juvenile offenders still obtain substantial considerations from the criminal justice system because of their youthfulness or immaturity. It is quite appropriate to specify or set a certain age bracket wherein a juvenile offender can be tried in court as an adult and can be sentenced to the death penalty for a capital crime committed. There are particular factors that should be considered in handling juvenile delinquents and these factors can go far beyond the scope of academic disciplines. Hence, the debate if juvenile offenders should be tried as adult in criminal courts or should be sentenced to death for capital offense is still ongoing. Daryl Renard Atkins was arrested and imprisoned for alleged abduction, armed robbery and capital murder. During the penalty stage of the trial of Atkins, the defense depended on a single witness, a forensic psychologist, who attested that Atkins is suffering from a mild bout of metal retardation. The jury decided to send Atkins to the death row, however, the Virginia Supreme Court ruled for a second hearing due to the trial court’s deceptive use of a verdict form. At the second sentencing hearing the same forensic psychologist played as a witness for the defense, but this time the State invalidated Atkin’s aptitude. Once again, the jury decided to sentence Atkins to death. In confirming, the Supreme Court of Virginia used as a basis the Penry V. Lynaugh which is a similar case as of Atkins, in turning down Atkin’s disputation that he cannot be put to death because of his mild case of mental retardation (Clendenen & Beaser, 2009). Therefore, the question here is, if whether the execution of mentally retarded persons

Reviewing The Film Version Of Brokeback Mountain Film Studies Essay

Reviewing The Film Version Of Brokeback Mountain Film Studies Essay This essay will aim to compare the film version of Brokeback Mountain with Annie Proulxs short story. It will explain, discuss as well as evaluate the ways in which Ang Lee represented key themes and ideas through-out the film. Many themes and ideas were dealt with in the film, some of which will be looked at such as, relationships, love, desire and the gothic. Ang Lee was able to express Jack and Enniss masculinity through their physical features, the jobs that they undertook, as well as through their clothing, throughout the movie. The two men were seen to be working on the land, doing strenuous physical labour and played out the masculine roles in society. In both the movie and the short story Jack and Ennis relationship with nature was masculine in the way that they spent a great deal of time in the open countryside at work. Their relationship with the land strengthened through the depiction of their love making on Brokeback Mountain which showed their deep connection and confidence with their surroundings. Even though the men were portrayed as masculine figures throughout both the film and the story, there was also a very prominent shift in the gender roles, as Jack and Ennis both alternated between the traditional roles of male female. Central to Proulxs thinking is not only the subjectivity of people shaped by geographical constrain ts, limits and opportunities, but also that the social worlds produced reveal personal narratives of engagement which often question determined social roles.  [1]  It could be argued that the short story was wholly about the love of two men for each other and how this impacted on the lives they were expected to lead. However the movie focused more on their home life and domestic roles, such as Ennis failing to provide and care for his children. The short story only briefly mentioned Ennis family life. In the movie, there was great insight into the mens married life whereas in the book there is not much emphasis on this. This would have helped the viewer to delve more deeply into their personal lives and therefore have a better understanding of them. The women in the film version of Brokeback Mountain were more visible, referred to more and had a significantly active role in the story in relation to Jack and Ennis. The viewer was able to see life from the womens points of view and into the hardships of their lives. Whereas in the short story they were merely portrayed as obstacles that stopped Jack and Ennis from pursuing their romantic relationship. It could be argued that Ang Lee did not want women to merely be on the margin in this film, he probably wanted to bring the women to the foreground of the story since conventional relationships are between men and women, unlike Proulx whose version was more closely focused around the relationship between Jack and Ennis. In both versions the women were powerless to affect what was going on, especially after they eventually discovered that Jack and Ennis were more than just friends. There was nothing that they could do, as they were unable to effectively influence the situation in thei r favour,. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and the door opening and Alma looking out for a few seconds at Enniss straining shouldersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.She had seen what she had seen.  [2]  In addition, this story was set at a time when women were seen to be more dominant in the private domestic sphere, therefore they seemed to be naÃÆ' ¯ve of about the goings on in the outside world and perhaps did not have a loud enough voice to stand up to men. One of the main themes in Ang Lees film version of Brokeback Mountain was the added dimension of nature and the surroundings of the west in which the film was set. Proulx references to the landscape to set the scenes were very descriptive throughout the story. The mountain boiled with demonic energy, glazed with flickering broken-cloud light; the wind combed the grass and drew from the damaged krummholz and slit rock a bestial drone.  [3]  The amazing awe-inspiring shots of the landscape in Ang Lees movie, gave a new dimension to the film as the shots of nature became just as much a part of the film as the story line. The beauty of the shots nearly as important as dialogue  [4]  The impact that nature had on people who already felt comfortable in the open country were given more depth and significance. Spending time together on Brokeback Mountain was like a retreat or a safe haven from society in which Jack and Ennis would have been judged because of the nature of their relationship. Whilst on Brokeback Mountain the emphasis on nature meant that they felt free and at peace away from society and were able to be themselves without the risk of being ridiculed or judged. The image of the dead sheep on the mountain, in the film, acted as a metaphor for the idea that even though the men felt safe and free on the mountain they were still vulnerable in the eyes of society. The main themes that ran through the film were that of love, relationships and desire. There were great similarities in the short story and the movie in the ways in which the characters related to each other, their emotion and concern. The way that Jack was so caring towards Ennis, was expressed perfectly through both mediums. The way their relationship was portrayed was so painful as they could never be together was shown in different ways in both the short story and the movie. They have to privatise their feelings  [5]  . The original dialogue from the story added another dimension to Ang Lees film. As a lot of the time the characters whispered or spoke in a quiet manner, it gives the impression that what they were saying was not to be shared with others. The scene in the movie where Ennis became hysterical after Jacks departure from Brokeback Mountain, was very much more heartfelt and emotional than in the short story, within a mile Ennis felt like someone was pulling his guts out  [6]  . The emotion was not felt whilst reading the book, it was better conveyed in the movie. The reason for this may have been as a result of the musical soundtrack and the close up camera shots which showed Ennis as totally distraught. This was apparent also near the end of the film by the lines, I wish I knew how to quit you'  [7]  , which were spoken, the tone and volume of which this short line was spoken displayed the pain that Ennis and Jack were enduring by being apart. In addition, in the final scene at Jacks house with the two shirts, one inside the other; the scene was portrayed better visually than in the book due to the impact that the music had over the scene, which was not achieved in the short story. However, it the words used in the short story were powerful in their simplicity. The shirt seemed heavy until he saw there was another inside ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the pair like two skins, one inside the other, two in one.  [8]  On a literal level this scene added shaped to the story, as the story ended where it started, both with dreams, both with shirts. Both the movie and the short story expressed key elements of the gothic. Two of the most prominent elements were violence and mystery. Proulxs short story had an ambiguous ending in which the reader was unsure of how Jack died and who killed him. His family and Ennis were left wondering if it was an accident or if it was on purpose as a result of someone finding out about his secret relationship with Ennis. The ending was left for the viewer to decide and to use their imagination as to who killed Jack and how he was killed, quite like a murder mystery. Not only did I want to be loyal to [Proulxs] writing, but I needed to do additional scenes to confirm her writing, because we dont have the internal depictions which she did most brilliantly.  [9]  This was true consistently throughout the film. There were many sections in the film that did not appear in the story, such as the argument between Jack and his father-in-law on Thanksgiving, and the scenes where Jack went to Mexico to explore his sexuality and the greater depth and insight into their family lives and the people closest to them. Scenes even appeared in a different order. However things that were missing from the film were filled with extended scenes that were also not in the short story. These extended scenes gave the viewer a greater insight into the lives of Jack and Ennis as well as those that they interacted with. Futhermore in the movie Ang Lee used flashbacks as well as clips which gave the viewer a greater insight into the unknown, and to things that were below the surface of the characters initial thoughts. The viewer always had the fuller picture drawn out for them, which was pieced together by the actual storyline. This was present in the way that Ang Lee used a flashback to show how Ennis father showed him what happened to a man who lived with another male however this was not presented in the same way in the short story. The movie was quite direct and visual and the story had a definitive ending and the audience knew exactly what happened to Jack even if the other characters in film did not. The use of the movie as a visual aid meant that there was more freedom in the idea of the gothic with the gruesome scenes of the man who was castrated as well as the murder of Jack. The book ended as it stated that the love felt by Ennis was endured, but it was only an end to the physical but not emotional love. It was as if the story still continued beyond the text, and would continue to do so as long as society failed to move on. There was some open space between what he knew and what he tried to believe, but nothing could be done about it, and if you cant fix it youve got to stand it.  [10]   The long silences and deep stares that were exchanged between Jack and Ennis throughout the film expressed their unspoken love, this was more effectively displayed in the film than the short story. Because of their stoic characters, the story has much to do with what is unspoken, with the shame and guilt that fills them  [11]  This made the film a lot more powerful than the story as a result of these silences. narrative detail is echoed by Ang Lee cinematically. The beauty and purity of the emotions is matched by the rustic majesty of the landscape; in reducing the story to a universe of simplicity of scenery and emotion, Lee was trying to create a new depth for a love story.  [12]  As a result of the shame and guilt that would have been forced upon them whilst in society Brokeback Mountain gave them a sense of freedom to do things that would not have been acceptable in society at the time. Ang Lee tells us that the focus on emotion cannot be articulated in words, and employs the imagined iconic solitude of the cowboy  [13]  The use of camera shots such as panning and close ups helped to covey the emotion through the screen to the viewer, this therefore enabled the viewer to have a better emotional connection with the characters. One of the main adaptations that Ang Lee made to the film version of Brokeback Mountain was his selection of his cast, especially the main characters. Whereas in the short story Jack and Ennis were not described as overly good looking men, however Ang Lees cast did not portray this.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Management of Anorexia Essay

Introduction In this paper, I will discuss how cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be utilized in the management of eating disorders. More specifically I will identify Anorexia Nervosa and provide statistics that relate to the disease. Etiologies will be discussed as well as symptoms. Various techniques of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy will be described as well as the rationale as it relates to the clinical issue. Therapy has been used for many generations as a mean to resolve dilemmas in a persons’ life. Unfortunately, due to cultural aspects, therapy is generally centered on an individual. We typically presume that any problem that one may exhibit can be solved through personal realizations. However, society and therapists alike are beginning to understand that circumstances we encounter and actions we exhibit are directly related to our environment. Family therapy focuses on interactions. There is no distinguishing factor that manifests and leads to a condition or disorder. No one plays a particular good or bad role. Relationships are a key factor in family therapy (Nichols, 2009). Family Therapy Model –Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a modified therapeutic care plan that integrates various components of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Cognitive therapy examines the way a persons perception of themselves as well as their perception of others affects their mental psyche. Behavior therapy investigates particular behaviors and interactions with others. CBT can be used in parallel to appropriate medicinal treatment to examine how modifications in behaviors and thoughts can enhance the quality of life. (Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anorexia nervosa). Eating Disorders Food ... ...rens, A. H. (1992). Cultural Expectations of Thinness in Women: An Update. International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 85-89. American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed, rev) Washington, DC Gilbert, E., & DeBlassie, R. (1984). Anorexia nervosa: adolescent starvation by choice. Adolescence, 19(76), 839-846] Robin, A. L., Siegel, P. T., & Moye, A. (1995). Family Versus Individual Therapy for Anorexia: Impact on Family Conflict. International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 17(4), 313-322. Mehler, P. S., & Krantz, M. (2003). Anorexia Nervosa Medical Issues. Journal Of Women's Health (15409996), 12(4), 331. Wiseman, C. V., Gray, J. J., Mosimann, J. E., & Ahrens, A. H. (1992). Cultural Expectations of Thinness in Women: An Update. International Journal Of Eating Disorders, 11(1), 85-89.

Tinker vs. Des Moines.

One quiet day in the 1960’s 3 Des Moines students were wrongly punished for protesting the Vietnam War by wearing black arm bands to school. The school officials believed that the armbands would cause a huge disturbance and be a very big distraction to the student body. The students were then suspended. The student’s first amendment right had been violated. This right gives us the freedom of expression, to sum it all up, as long as others are not in danger. The staff was quick to punish these students, who were only exercising their rights. I believe that the students that were involved in this case did not deserve to be punished because; in wearing armbands, the petitioners were quiet and passive. They were not disruptive and did not interfere with the rights of others. Therefore, their conduct was within the protection of the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth. Also, â€Å"First Amendment rights are available to teachers and students, subject to application in light of the special characteristics of the school environment. † (http://caselaw. p. findlaw. com/scripts/getcase. pl? court=us&vol=393&invol=503) Also, I believe that they did not deserve to be punished because; under our Constitution, free speech is not a right that is given only to be so restricted that it exists in principle but not in reality. Freedom of expression would not truly exist if the right could be exercised only in an area that a charitable government has provided as a safe haven for cra ckpots! The Constitution says that Congress (or anyone else, for that matter) may not deprive anyone the right to free speech. You see, the thing is we properly read it to permit reasonable regulation of speech-connected activities in carefully restricted circumstances. But we do not confine the permissible exercise of First Amendment rights to a telephone booth or the four corners of a pamphlet. Lastly, I believe that students were wrongly treated because; â€Å"The constitutionality of the school authorities' action was on the ground that it was reasonable in order to prevent disturbance of school discipline. † (258 F. Supp. 971 1966). The court referred to but declined to follow the Fifth Circuit's holding in a similar case that, the wearing of symbols like the armbands cannot be prohibited unless it â€Å"materially and substantially interferes with the requirements of appropriate discipline in the operation of the school. † (Burnside v. Byars, 1966). In conclusion, The Students in this case were wrongly punished due to the fact that their first amendment right protected their freedom of expression. The pupils should not have been suspended just because of their difference in political views, and their courage to express them.

The Best Time Management Tips for Busy Professionals

The Best Time Management Tips for Busy Professionals Running a business is no easy feat! As an entrepreneur, you need to handle intense workload in a dynamic business environment. No matter how much work you have, all you have got are just 24 hours to manage them all! What if you fail to cope up with the workflow within the stipulated time?Relax! You don’t need to get disappointed.Maybe you are trying your best, but there is always room for improvement. It’s high time that you master some time management techniques to run your business smoothly. If you don’t have a brilliant plan, you can’t manage your time effectively.When complex tasks seem to be daunting, take your time. Break extensive tasks into manageable parts. Delegate tasks to the experts, and get more things done in less time. Even if you can’t complete everything at once, at least you can make the progression steady. Proceed with the tasks in such a way, so that the progress can be measured periodically.Putting a plan in place will help you achieve today what you’d otherwise put off until tomorrow. Revisit the plan regularly and make adjustments to it when needed.Remember that true productivity isn’t measured by the amount of time you remain busy. It’s about how efficiently you can perform to achieve the desired result.Thinking how to manage your time effectively? We have made your work simpler!The VA team at MyTasker has developed a comprehensive infographic on 17 Time Management Tips for Busy Entrepreneurs. These tips will help you strengthen your business strategies so that you remain stress-free.Go through the following infographic and get to know how to manage your time effectively!

The War Against Drugs Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture

The War Against Drugs Essays - Drug Control Law, Drug Culture The War Against Drugs Naufel Tajudeen Crimes, Drugs and Policy The War Against Drugs In this country, we are locked in war we simply cannot win. We strive to protect over 10,000 miles of border, against enemies who are driven by the lure of an obscene profit. We have fought this a version of this war before, and have lost. All that has really resulted from this war is the overcrowding of prisons, the expansion of law enforcement's ability to encroach on the personal lives of ordinary citizens, and paranoia and distrust. I am referring to the war on drugs. As time goes on, it becomes more and more evident that the war on drugs is as useless as prohibition was almost 80 years ago. Now it has become a point of pride for our elected officials, who use the war as a re-election tool. To most people the fiscal reasons for ending the war are the most convincing. For example, it costs over $30,000 per year to house a prisoner - this does not include processing and legal fees, only the actual prison costs - food, w ater, electricity and guards. There are over 1.5 million non-violent drug law offenders in prison right now, and this number is increasing daily. That means we are spending a minimum of $45 billion per year keeping former tax-paying citizens, most of whom had jobs and were contributing to the economy in some way, locked up with murderers and rapists. When these people get out of jail, they will have criminal records, which will make it nearly impossible to get a decent job and a grudge against the government and society in general. In addition, we spend $37 billion per year funding the police efforts and interdiction, and recent evidence suggests the CIA have been involved in drug-trafficking to fund its own private wars. Currently there is over $150 billion worth of drug traffic that remains untaxed. If one figures a tax rate of 15%, that is a total of $22.5 billion of taxes that America doesn't see. The bottom-line? The U.S. Treasury estimates America wastes a minimum of $104.5 bi llion per year fighting a war that can not be won, while crime rates continue to rise (because of the huge profits made possible by the risks involved in the drug trade as drugs remain illegal), and the quality of education, medical care and environmental protection falls due to lack of money in the budget. There are also moral dilemmas in declaring war on drugs and their users. Firstly, drug use or abuse is a medical and social problem not a criminal problem, yet we think we're solving the problem by throwing people in jail. The logic seems to be, maybe if we just take their life away, confiscate all of their personal property, ruin their reputation and self-respect, put them in jail with the worst elements of society - murderers, thieves and rapists, where they will most likely be beaten and/or raped repeatedly they will see the error of their ways. Not a very enlightened sentiment. Also bare in mind, nicotine, caffeine and alcohol are all drugs. Nicotine is one of the most addict ive drugs known to man, behind substances like heroin. Cigarettes kill over 300,000 people every year. Alcohol kills over 120,000 people every year. Alcohol has been linked to men beating their wives and children. In contrast, marijuana has a recorded history that dates back over 4000 years, and has never killed anyone in the direct way alcohol does. The DEA's own Administrative Law Judge, after reviewing the evidence, called marijuana ...one of the safest therapeutically active substances known to man... It's been said that the first casualty in any war is truth. That sentiment is seen nowhere as clearly as in the war on drugs. The government and special interests have been running this war for over 50 years now. The government spews propaganda as truth, to cover their collective backsides, which creates distrust and unrest, and breeds contempt and disrespect in our children. An example - We have uniformed police officers coming into our classrooms telling kids that marijuana is mo re dangerous than alcohol. History and scientific evidence prove that it

Explain and show what determines the demand for labour by a perfectly Essay

Explain and show what determines the demand for labour by a perfectly competitive firm - Essay Example Labour, is one of the main inputs, along with land, capital and entrepreneurship. The demand for all inputs such as labour is a derived demand. Derived from the output the given factors are used to produce (Begg D., Fischer S. and Dornbusch R., 2000:176). Firms will use labour and capital and focus on either labour intensive method or capital-intensive methods for production. In the short run, it is assumed that capital is fixed and labour is variable. Accordingly, the demand for labour is based on the profit maximising condition, which can be stated in two ways (Begg D., Fischer S. and Dornbusch R., 2000:178). It can be seen that the MPP (which refers to the output of every extra unit of labour) increases from 0.8 to 1 when labour is increased from 1 worker to 2 workers. However, from the 3rd worker onwards MPP begins to decrease. This is explained by the law of diminishing returns, which states that if increasing quantities of variable input are applied to a given quantity of a fixed input, the marginal product, and the average product of the variable input will eventually decrease (Lipsey and Chrystal, 2004:135). However, the firm can continue to add up to 7 workers and still maintain a profit. Thus satisfying the profit maximising requirements since the MRP (obtained by multiplying the MPP by the unit price of the good, which is assumed as â‚ ¬ 500) is higher than Average Variable Cost, which is the wage rate. However, if an 8th worker were to be hired, the AVC will be higher than the MRP, thus the profit maximising condition would be violated. The firm will therefore not expand its labour force to 8 workers (7.5 units of MPP) since the cost of this expansion will be greater than the revenue. At point B, the MRP is at W1 and employment is at L1. The revenue generated by the extra employment is higher than the labour cost since it above the wage

Case Study Starbucks Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Starbucks - Case Study Example The merchandise in the stores does not support the foundation of the coffee heritage Basically all the problems faced buy Starbucks today are due to unromantic streamlined operations. Although the decision for automation and streamlining operations have helped Starbucks expand and improve the customers experience in terms of speed of service and more extensive distribution(increased number of stores) but these operations have also distanced Starbucks from its tradition and heritage. The use of bagged coffee has solved the problem of availability of fresh coffee beans across long distances in time but has lead to the eradication of people scooping fresh coffee from bins and grinding it fresh in front of the customers. This in turn has lead to the absence of coffee grinders and other related merchandise in the stores giving the store a sterile and cookie cutter look lacking the warmth of a neighborhood store. As Starbucks is moving away from its heritage, it is loosing its competitive advantage, a coffee experience which is unique and exclusive and traditional, and competition is taking over in terms of generating trial through awareness and loyalty of customers. According to my analysis, the first thing Starbucks should do is to improve store design which should reflect the traditional coffee experience like the wooden counters of the first store, neighborhood store look etc. Automation has made business more efficient, hence realistically thinking, Starbucks should not do away with it but integrate the traditional and automated process of making coffee. This means that although automated machines should be used but are use of La Marzocca machines for coffee should also be offered on customers. Segmentation should be done on the basis of geography and culture, and flavors should also be customized keeping this in mind. More programs like "coffee master programs" should be introduced which improve both, customer satisfaction and employee motivations. These programs also relate to rituals of wine industry giving Starbucks an edge in developing premium brands. Sales promotion is essential for penetration among the masses. In addition to in store merchandise, accessories like t-shirts and mugs can be used in promotions which reflect the essence of Starbucks tradition, stories and rituals on them for the costumers to take home and have a long lasting experience. Lastly, new flavors should be introduced coupled with a story which relates to the tradition and roots of Starbucks origin and the region it is being introduced. Starbucks is loosing its edge and as its chairman Howard Schultz (2007) said "we desperately need to look in the mirror and realize it's time to get back the core and make